Malware Overview

Learn what malware is, how it works, and how it can affect your systems.

Symptoms of Malware Infection

If your system is infected by malware, you might notice several symptoms. These signs can indicate that your computer has been compromised, and it’s important to take action immediately. Some common symptoms include:

  • Sluggish Performance: If your computer starts running significantly slower than usual, it could be infected with malware that is using up system resources.
  • Frequent Crashes: Unexpected system crashes or applications that frequently close without warning may be a sign of malware interference.
  • Unusual Network Activity: Malware may cause increased network activity, even when you’re not using your computer for online tasks.
  • Unwanted Pop-ups: Pop-up ads appearing frequently might indicate adware or other malicious software.
  • Disabled Antivirus or Firewall: Malware often disables antivirus programs or firewalls to avoid detection.
  • Unknown Processes or Applications: If you notice new programs or processes running that you didn’t install, it could be malware.
  • Unusual System Behavior: Your system might change settings or execute commands without your input.

Types of Malware

  • Viruses: Self-replicating programs that infect files and systems.
  • Trojans: Disguised as legitimate software but secretly carry out malicious actions.
  • Worms: Standalone malware that spreads across networks by exploiting security flaws.
  • Ransomware: Encrypts files and demands ransom for access.
  • Spyware: Monitors user activity and collects personal information.
  • Adware: Displays unwanted advertisements.

How Malware Spreads

  • Phishing Emails: Attackers send fake emails with malicious links or attachments.
  • Malicious Downloads: Malware is hidden in free software, fake updates, or game cheats.
  • Infected USB Drives: Connecting infected external devices can spread malware.
  • Software Vulnerabilities: Outdated software with security flaws can be exploited by hackers.
  • Compromised Websites: Visiting hacked websites can trigger automatic malware downloads.

How to Prevent Malware Infections

  • Keep Software Updated: Regularly install updates and patches.
  • Use Antivirus & Firewall: Install reputable security software and enable firewalls.
  • Be Cautious with Emails: Avoid clicking on suspicious links or attachments.
  • Download from Trusted Sources: Only install software from official websites.
  • Scan External Devices: Check USB drives for malware before opening files.
  • Enable Multi-Factor Authentication: Add extra security to protect your accounts.
  • Stay Informed: Educate yourself on the latest cybersecurity threats.

Consequences of Malware Infection

  • Data Loss: Malware can corrupt or delete files.
  • Identity Theft: Sensitive information can be stolen.
  • Performance Degradation: Systems slow down due to malware activity.
  • System Hijacking: Attackers can take remote control of your computer.
  • Financial Loss: Malware-related damage can lead to financial harm.

How to Protect Yourself from Malware

  • Install Antivirus Software: Keep it updated to detect malware.
  • Keep Software Updated: Patch known security vulnerabilities.
  • Avoid Suspicious Links & Attachments: Be careful with emails and downloads.
  • Use Strong Passwords: Enable two-factor authentication where possible.
  • Backup Your Data: Regular backups can prevent data loss.